The Christotelic framework, which places Christ as the center and culmination of God’s eternal purposes (telos), finds profound theological depth in the Hebrew concept of yada (יָדַע). Unlike abstract or speculative approaches, yada reminds us that God's intimate, sovereign, and relational knowledge precedes and determines the unfolding of redemptive history. History, therefore, is not shaped by contingency or hypothetical "possible worlds" but by God's sovereign decree and eternal purpose to glorify Christ through His people.
Yada: Sovereign Knowledge That Shapes History
In Scripture, yada represents more than intellectual awareness or foresight; it is an intimate, covenantal knowledge. This knowing is relational and creative, meaning it establishes and defines reality rather than simply observing it. For example:
- Creative Knowing: “Before I formed you in the womb, I knew [yada] you” (Jeremiah 1:5).
- Covenantal Knowing: “You only have I known [yada] of all the families of the earth” (Amos 3:2).
- Redemptive Knowing: “The Lord knows [yada] the way of the righteous, but the way of the wicked will perish” (Psalm 1:6).
God’s yada is not dependent on external factors or potential scenarios. Rather, it is the foundation upon which history is actualized. His knowing is not speculative; it is definitive, creative, and sovereign.
Christotelism and History: The Outworking of Yada
Christotelism emphasizes that all of history culminates in the glorification of Christ. This redemptive narrative flows directly from God's yada. The sequence is clear:
- Yada as the Foundation: God’s relational knowing of His people precedes creation. In eternity past, He conceptualized every aspect of His plan, including each individual’s place within it.
- History as Actualization: History is the unfolding of God's eternal purpose, shaped entirely by His sovereign yada. There is no need for "possible worlds" or counterfactuals, as God’s perfect knowing determines what will be, not what could be.
- Christ as the Goal: The ultimate purpose of God’s yada is the glorification of Christ through the redemption of His people. History unfolds as the means by which God brings His chosen people into covenant relationship with Him through Christ.
Why Speculative Frameworks Are Unnecessary
Philosophical constructs like "possible worlds" attempt to explain God’s foreknowledge and sovereignty through hypothetical scenarios. However, these are unnecessary when we understand the role of yada in shaping history.
- God’s Knowledge Is Sovereign: God’s yada is not dependent on what might happen but establishes what will happen. His knowing is not reactive or contingent but definitive and causal. For instance, God determines how the effects of free will evil are laid out in an integrated and restrained manner, all serving His ultimate goal—the maximal glorification of Christ.
- No Counterfactuals Needed: God does not navigate a web of "possible worlds." Instead, He intimately knows His creation as part of His eternal decree. This knowledge includes every individual’s disposition and actions, determined according to His sovereign will.
- History Is the Outworking of His Plan: History is not a series of possibilities narrowed down by human choices. It is the linear unfolding of God’s eternal purpose, rooted in His relational yada.
As Paul writes in Ephesians 1:11, God "works all things according to the counsel of His will." There is no room for chance or hypothetical outcomes; history is fully shaped by His eternal decree.
Our Place in His Redemptive History
From the perspective of yada, our place in history is not incidental but intentional. God’s intimate knowledge of His people precedes their creation and ensures their redemption.
- Election and Yada: Those whom God knows are chosen according to His eternal purpose. His foreknowledge (proegno) in Romans 8:29 reflects yada—a relational, covenantal knowing that secures the destiny of His elect.
- Redemption in Time: History unfolds to actualize God’s eternal plan. Christ’s incarnation, atoning death, and resurrection are the central events through which God’s yada is revealed and His people are brought into relationship with Him.
- Living Out Our Role: Knowing that history is shaped by God’s yada gives us confidence in our purpose. We are not accidents of history but intentional participants in God’s redemptive narrative, called to glorify Christ and reflect His image.
Christotelism and the End of History
Just as history begins with God’s yada, it ends with its fulfillment. The redeemed will stand before God, fully known and fully conformed to the image of Christ. As Paul writes, “Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I have been fully known” (1 Corinthians 13:12).
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