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Adam as historical person: Luke genealogy cross-referenced

Luke 3:32-38 (NIV):

"32 the son of Jesse, the son of Obed, the son of Boaz, the son of Salmon, the son of Nahshon, 33 the son of Amminadab, the son of Ram, the son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah, 34 the son of Jacob, the son of Isaac, the son of Abraham, the son of Terah, the son of Nahor, 35 the son of Serug, the son of Reu, the son of Peleg, the son of Eber, the son of Shelah, 36 the son of Cainan, the son of Arphaxad, the son of Shem, the son of Noah, the son of Lamech, 37 the son of Methuselah, the son of Enoch, the son of Jared, the son of Mahalalel, the son of Kenan, 38 the son of Enosh, the son of Seth, the son of Adam, the son of God."


Cross-referencing with Old Testament genealogies:


1. Jesse to Abraham (Luke 3:32-34):

   This section largely agrees with Old Testament genealogies[1].


2. Abraham to Noah (Luke 3:34-36):

   This section also generally aligns with Old Testament accounts[2].


3. Noah to Adam (Luke 3:36-38):

   This section presents some discrepancies with Old Testament genealogies.


Issues and Scholarly Resolutions:


1. Cainan in Luke 3:36:

   Issue: Cainan appears between Arphaxad and Shelah in Luke's genealogy but is absent in the corresponding Old Testament genealogies[3].

   Resolution: Scholars suggest this addition may come from the Septuagint (LXX) version of Genesis, which includes Cainan in this position[4].


2. Ram in Luke 3:33 (NIV):

   Issue: The NIV uses "Ram" here, while some other translations (like NRSV) have "Admin" and "Arni". These names are not found in Old Testament genealogies.

   Resolution: The use of "Ram" in the NIV aligns with Old Testament genealogies[5]. The variation in other translations might reflect textual variants or different manuscript traditions[6].


3. Differences in spelling:

   Some names have slightly different spellings (e.g., Salmon instead of Sala, Enosh instead of Enos in some translations). This is generally attributed to differences in Greek and Hebrew transliteration and is not considered a significant issue[7].


4. Length of genealogy:

   Luke's genealogy is more extensive than most Old Testament genealogies, tracing back to Adam. This is likely due to Luke's intent to present Jesus as the savior of all humanity, not just Israel[8].


Footnotes:


[1] Ruth 4:18-22; 1 Chronicles 2:1-15

[2] Genesis 11:10-26; 1 Chronicles 1:24-27

[3] Genesis 11:12-13; 1 Chronicles 1:18

[4] Fitzmyer, Joseph A. "The Gospel According to Luke I-IX." Anchor Bible Commentary, 1981.

[5] Ruth 4:19; 1 Chronicles 2:9-10

[6] Marshall, I. Howard. "The Gospel of Luke: A Commentary on the Greek Text." New International Greek Testament Commentary, 1978.

[7] Nolland, John. "Luke 1-9:20." Word Biblical Commentary, 1989.

[8] Green, Joel B. "The Gospel of Luke." New International Commentary on the New Testament, 1997.


These discrepancies have been the subject of much scholarly debate. While some critics see them as evidence of historical inaccuracies, many argue that they reflect different genealogical traditions or serve theological purposes. It's important to note that ancient genealogies often had purposes beyond mere historical record-keeping, such as establishing legitimacy or emphasizing certain theological points.

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